Codoping effect of Nd3+ on luminescence properties of tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium (II) in sol–gel systems of SiO2

The luminescence spectra and lifetime of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium (II), Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) were studied in the sol-gel reaction systems of tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) codoped with Nd3+. The luminescence spectrum showed a dip at the wavelength corresponding to a Nd3+ absorption band in xerogels. In addition, the decay rate of the Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) luminescence increased with increasing Nd3+ concentration. These results suggest the presence of radiative and nonradiative energy transfer processes from excited Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) to Nd3+. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.