HClO4–graphite intercalation compound and its thermally exfoliated graphite

The aims of this work are to synthesize the HClO4–graphite intercalation compound (GIC) by chemical method and analyze the effects of processing parameters on the exfoliated volume (EV) of HClO4–GIC and in the meantime, characterize the structural characteristics of HClO4–GIC and its exfoliated graphite by using X-ray diffraction. The experimental results show that the optimum condition for preparing the HClO4–GIC with the maximum EV of 540 cm3/g is that the intercalating reaction temperature, time, the thermally exfoliating temperature and the ratio between natural flake graphite, HClO4 and HNO3 are 373 K, 15 min, 1173 K and 1/4/0.15, respectively. The HClO4–GIC synthesized through the optimum processing condition has EV of 360 cm3/g at 473 K and the natural flake graphite also can be intercalated by HClO4 at low temperature 258 K in the system.