Soil-steel structure design by the Ontario Code: Part 2. Structural considerations

The paper presents provisions of the Ontario Bridge Design Code for the structural design of the metallic shell of soil–steel structures, and also discusses the development background of these provisions. A simplified method of determining live load effects in the metallic shell is presented. The method is based on results of a well-tested plane strain finite element program. An empirical method for determining live load effects, which is based on tests of full-size structures, is also given. A worked example is given to illustrate the usage of the design provisions.