Incubation of bovine PMNs with conditioned medium from BHV-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells increases their susceptibility to leukotoxin

Active infection with bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) increases the susceptibility of cattle to secondary bacterial pneumonia with Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica A1. In the present study we found that bovine PMNs incubated with conditioned media from BHV-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exhibited increased LFA-1 expression, enhanced LKT binding and increased LKT cytotoxicity. These effects were abrogated when the conditioned medium was pre-incubated with an anti-IL-1β Mab before being added to the PMNs. These findings suggest that BHV-1 infection, and the resulting release of IL-1β and perhaps other inflammatory cytokines, can stimulate activation of LFA-1 in bystander bovine PMNs, thus enhancing the binding and biological effects of LKT.