Function of BMPs and BMP antagonists in adult bone.

The expression and function of BMPs and BMPs in bone tissues have been studied for a long time because of their remarkable activities. However, their biological functions in normal bone-remodeling in adults were not fully understood until recently. Advanced technologies using gene manipulation were used to study their roles in adulthood. In addition, findings of new BMP antagonists and the effect of Wnt-canonical pathways on bone features also provided new insights in bone studies.