HIV-1 and STIs prevalence and risk factors of miners in mining districts of Yunnan, China.

Objective: To assess HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence and associated risk factors among miners in Yunnan, China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1798 miners in 2 townships of Gejiu City, Yunnan, from March to May 2006. Standardized interviewer-administered questionnaires were completed and specimens collected for HIV/STI testing. Results: The prevalence of HIV, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis, herpes simplex virus-2, and any STIs among all miners was 0.7%, 4.8% 0.8%, 1.8%, 9.6%, and 14.9%, respectively. One fifth of miners reported patronizing female sex workers (FSWs) at least once, and of these, 72% never used a condom with a FSW. Miners who visited FSWs had a higher prevalence of HIV (1.8% vs. 0.5%) and any STI (23.2% vs. 4.3%), including C. trachomatis (6.9% vs. 4.3%), N. gonorrhoeae (2.1% vs. 0.5%), and herpes simplex virus-2 (14.9% vs. 8.4%), and higher rates of illegal drug use compared with miners who visited no FSWs. Conclusions: High prevalence of HIV/STIs among miners in Gejiu warrants special attention to this population, and vigorous interventions should address both sexual and drug use-related risk.