Canine tegumentar leishmaníasis in the town of Balneário Camboriú in the State of Santa Catarina]

Introduction: The increase in American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) cases in 2005 was due to an outbreak that occurred in the towns of Itapema and Balneario Camboriu. This study aimed to determine the possible presence of infection by Leishmania sp in domestic dogs living in an endemic focus of ATL in the town of Balneario Camboriu and verify the existence of a correlation between the humoral and cellular immune responses, the presence of suggestive lesions and positivity in direct parasitological exams. Methods: A total of 275 dogs were evaluated, examined according to clinic aspects, the development of delayed hypersensitivity to Immunoleish (R) antigens and serological responses to the indirect immunofluorescence reaction and immunoenzymatic assay. Results: Seven dogs presented suspect lesions, but Leishmania was not detected using the direct parasitological method. The serological result was 5.8% positivity using the IIFR technique, 6.2% by ELISA and 1.8% using the intradermal test. The total number of dogs positive for ATL using the serological exams and/or intradermal test was 24, indicating prevalence of 8.7% for ATL. Conclusions: Further studies are required to evaluate the participation of dogs in the epidemiological chain of ATL in Balneario Camboriu.