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Study of radiation damage in lead tungstate crystals using intense high-energy beams

V.A. Batarin,T. Brennan,J. Butler,H. Cheung,V.S. Datsko,A.M. Davidenko,A.A. Derevschikov,R.I. Dzhelyadin,Y.V. Fomin,V. Frolov,Y.M. Goncharenko,V.N. Grishin,V.A. Kachanov,V.Y. Khodyrev,K. Khroustalev,A.K. Konoplyannikov,A.S. Konstantinov,V.I. Kravtsov,Y. Kubota,V.M. Leontiev,V.S. Lukanin,V.A. Maisheev,Y.A. Matulenko,Y.M. Melnick,A.P. Meschanin,N.E. Mikhalin,N.G. Minaev,V.V. Mochalov,D.A. Morozov,R. Mountain,L.V. Nogach,V.A. Pikalov,A.V. Ryazantsev,P.A. Semenov,K.E. Shestermanov,L.F. Soloviev,V.L. Solovianov,S. Stone,M.N. Ukhanov,A.V. Uzunian,A.N. Vasiliev,A.E. Yakutin,J. Yarba

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment（2003）

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摘要
We report on the effects of radiation on the light output of lead tungstate crystals. The crystals were irradiated by pure, intense high-energy electron and hadron beams as well as by a mixture of hadrons, neutrons and gammas. The crystals were manufactured in Bogoroditsk, Apatity (both Russia), and Shanghai (China). These studies were carried out at the 70-GeV proton accelerator in Protvino.
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