Distinct Sensor Pathways in the Hierarchical Control of SNAT2, a Putative Amino Acid Transceptor, by Amino Acid Availability
Journal of Biological Chemistry(2007)
摘要
Mammalian nutrient sensors are novel targets for therapeutic intervention in disease states such as insulin resistance and muscle wasting; however, the proteins responsible for this important task are largely uncharacterized. Toaddress this issue we have dissected an amino acid (AA) sensor/effector regulon that controls the expression of the System A amino acid transporter-SNAT2-in mammalian cells, a paradigm nutrient-responsive process, and found evidence for the convergence of at least two sensor/effector pathways. During AA withdrawal, JNK is activated and induces the expression of SNAT2 in L6 myotubes by stimulating an intronic nutrient-sensitive domain. A sensor for large neutral AA (e.g. Tyr, Gln) inhibits JNK activation and SNAT2 up-regulation. Additionally, shRNA and transporter chimeras demonstrate that SNAT2 provides a repressive signal for gene transcription during AA sufficiency, thus echoing AA sensing by transceptor (transporter-receptor) orthologues in yeast (Gap1/Ssy1) and Drosophila (PATH). Furthermore, the SNAT2 protein is stabilized during AA withdrawal.
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关键词
amino acid
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