Three-Pion Hanbury Brown-Twiss Correlations In Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions From The Star Experiment

Adams J,Adler C, Ahammed Z,Allgower C,Amonett J,Anderson B D,Anderson M,Arkhipkin D,Averichev G S,Balewski J,Barannikova O,Barnby L S,Baudot J,Bekele S,Belaga V V,Bellwied R,Berger J, Bichsel H,Billmeier A,Bland L C, Blyth C O,Bonner B E,Botje M, Boucham A,Brandin A,Bravar A,Cadman R V,Cai X Z,Caines H,Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M,Cardenas A,Carroll J,Castillo J, Castro M, Cebra D, Chaloupka P,Chattopadhyay S,Chen Y, Chernenko S P,Cherney M,Chikanian A,Choi B, Christie W,Coffin J P,Cormier T M,Mora Corral M,Cramer J G,Crawford H J,Derevschikov A A,Didenko L,Dietel T,Draper J E, Dunin V B,Dunlop J C, Eckardt V,Efimov L G,Emelianov V, Engelage J,Eppley G,Erazmus B,Fachini P, Faine V,Faivre J,Fatemi R,Filimonov K,Finch E,Fisyak Y,Flierl D,Foley K J,Fu J,Gagliardi C A,Gagunashvili N,Gans J,Gaudichet L,Germain M,Geurts F,Ghazikhanian V,Grachov O,Guedon M,Guertin S M,Gushin E,Gutierrez T D, Hallman T J,Hardtke D,Harris J W, Heinz M,Henry T W, Heppelmann S, Herston T, Hippolyte B, Hirsch A, Hjort E,Hoffmann G W, Horsley M, Huang H Z,Humanic T J, Igo G, Ishihara A,Jacobs P,Jacobs W W,Janik M,Johnson I,Jones P G, Judd E G,Kabana S,Kaneta M,Kaplan M,Keane D, Kiryluk J,Kisiel A,Klay J,Klein S R,Klyachko A,Kollegger T,Konstantinov A S,Kopytine M,Kotchenda L,Kovalenko A D,Kramer M,Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kuhn C,Kulikov A I,Kunde G J,Kunz C L,Kutuev R Kh,Kuznetsov A A,Lamont M A C, Landgraf J M, Lange S, Lansdell C P, Lasiuk B, Laue F,Lauret J, Lebedev A,Lednický R, Leontiev V M,LeVine M J,Li Q, Lindenbaum S J, Lisa M A,Liu F, Liu L,Liu Z,Liu Q J, Ljubicic T,Llope W J,Long H, Longacre R S, Lopez-Noriega M, Love W A,Ludlam T, Lynn D,Ma J,Ma Y G,Magestro D,Majka R,Margetis S,Markert C,Martin L,Marx J,Matis H S,Matulenko Yu A,McShane T S, Meissner F,Melnick Yu,Meschanin A, Messer M,Miller M L, Milosevich Z,Minaev N G,Mitchell J,Molnar L, Moore C F,Morozov V,de Moura M M,Munhoz M G,Nelson J M, Nevski P,Nikitin V A, Nogach L V, Norman B,Nurushev S B,Odyniec G, Ogawa A,Okorokov V,Oldenburg M, Olson D,Paic G, Pandey S U,Panebratsev Y,Panitkin S Y, Pavlinov A I,Pawlak T,Perevoztchikov V, Peryt W, Petrov V A,Picha R,Planinic M,Pluta J,Porile N, Porter J, Poskanzer A M,Potrebenikova E,Prindle D,Pruneau C, Putschke J, Rai G,Rakness G,Ravel O,Ray R L,Razin S V,Reichhold D,Reid J G, Renault G,Retiere F,Ridiger A, Ritter H G, Roberts J B,Rogachevski O V,Romero J L, Rose A, Roy C, Rykov V,Sakrejda I,Salur S, Sandweiss J,Savin I,Schambach J,Scharenberg R P,Schmitz N,Schroeder L S,Schweda K,Seger J,Seyboth P, Shahaliev E, Shestermanov K E, Shimanskii S S,Simon F,Skoro G,Smirnov N, Snellings R,Sorensen P,Sowinski J, Spinka H M, Srivastava B,Stephenson E J, Stock R, Stolpovsky A,Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B,Struck C,Suaide A A P,Sugarbaker E, Suire C,Sumbera M,Surrow B,Symons T J M,Szanto de Toledo A,Szarwas P,Tai A, Takahashi J, Tang A H,Thein D, Thomas J H,Thompson M, Timoshenko S,Tokarev M, Tonjes M B, Trainor T A,Trentalange S, Tribble R E, Trofimov V,Tsai O,Ullrich T,Underwood D G,Van Buren G,Vander Molen A M,Vasiliev A N, Vigdor S E,Voloshin S A,Vznuzdaev M,Wang F,Wang Y,Ward H,Watson J W, Wells R,Westfall G D,Whitten C, Wieman H, Willson R,Wissink S W,Witt R,Wood J,Xu N,Xu Z, Yakutin A E, Yamamoto E,Yang J,Yepes P,Yurevich V I,Zanevski Y V,Zborovský I,Zhang H, Zhang W M,Zoulkarneev R,Zoulkarneeva J,Zubarev A N, Null Null

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS(2003)

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摘要
Data from the first physics run at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Au+Au collisions at roots(NN)=130 GeV, have been analyzed by the STAR Collaboration using three-pion correlations with charged pions to study whether pions are emitted independently at freeze-out. We have made a high-statistics measurement of the three-pion correlation function and calculated the normalized three-particle correlator to obtain a quantitative measurement of the degree of chaoticity of the pion source. It is found that the degree of chaoticity seems to increase with increasing particle multiplicity.
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