Intraoperative effectiveness of crystalloid and colloid volume substitution in patients undergoing elective major urological surgery by maintenance of the cardiac index within normal range

We compared intraoperative volume effectiveness of crystalloid and colloid substitution aimed to maintain the cardiac index (CI) within the normal range measured by transesophageal Doppler ultrasonography (TED) [1]. We also evaluated the frequency of postoperative complications, length of in-hospital stay and postoperative in-hospital mortality.