Latitude effect of muons in the Earth’s atmosphere during solar activity minimum

The results of muon flux measurements ( E ≥ 70 MeV) in the atmosphere during solar activity minimum are reported. The measurements were performed during Antarctic sea expedition in 1975–1976 at several geomagnetic locations (from 1 to 14 GV). The experimental data obtained made it possible to determine the latitude effect of muons in the distribution at different levels in the atmosphere. The Geant4 program was used to simulate the galactic cosmic ray transport in the Earth’s atmosphere and evaluate the angular and spectral distributions (p, e − /e + , photons, muons) at different atmospheric levels. The experimental and simulated results are in satisfactory agreement.