Valproic acid, a drug for bipolar disorder, acts on both IP3- and DAG-regulated behaviors in C. elegans

To explore the impact of the introduction of newer antipsychotic long-acting injections (LAIs) on trends in LAI prescribing and characteristics associated with initiation of LAIs in naturalistic conditions.The study was performed using reimbursement data from the French Insurance Healthcare system. Prescribing trends were investigated from 2007 to 2014 in 382,572 persons aged 18 years and over. Characteristics associated with delay in transition from oral antipsychotic to LAIs were explored in a cohort of 6904 persons newly treated with an oral antipsychotic using multivariate survival analyses.LAI prescribing rates slightly increased over the study period. The likelihood of being prescribed LAIs was stable for FGA LAIs (around 1.8 per 1000) (aOR = 0.99, 95%CI 0.98–1.00) and increased for SGA LAIs from 0.5 to 1 per 1000 (aOR = 1.11, 95%CI 1.08–1.14). In persons initiating an LAI (n = 288), shorter transition from oral antipsychotic to LAI was independently predicted by male gender, younger age, dispensing of an oral SGA and a higher number of oral antipsychotics dispensed over the follow-up. Transition was longer in persons dispensed antidepressants or mood-stabilizers over the follow-up. Male gender, low income and higher number of antipsychotics were associated only with shorter transition to FGA LAIs, while initial prescription by a public practitioner, no mood-stabilizer dispensing and lack of somatic severe chronic condition were associated only with SGA LAIs dispensing.It is of interest to explore whether similar prescribing trends are observed in other countries and to further assess the effectiveness of new LAIs in real-life conditions.