Cervical and Mediastinal Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Associated With Tracheal Lesion

Tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis without pulmonary infiltrate in an adult is rare in Japan and in western countries. We report a 37-year-old man with cervical and mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes with central low attenuation and peripheral rim enhancement. Flexible bronchoscopic examination demonstrated a tracheal polypoid lesion on the right wall. These lesions disappeared after 10 months of antituberculosis chemotherapy. Furthermore, soluble interleukin-2 receptor seemed to be a useful parameter of the treatment.