Reaction kinetics of the liquid-phase hydrogenation of benzonitrile to benzylamine using Raney nickel catalyst

The liquid-phase catalytic hydrogenation of benzonitrile to benzylamine was carried out in 2-propanol using Raney nickel as a catalyst. The effects of hydrogen partial pressure (500–2000kPa), reaction temperature (328–358K), catalyst loading (2–8gdm−3), benzonitrile concentration (0.4–1.6moldm−3) and additives (acetic acid, water and liquor ammonia) on the hydrogenation of benzonitrile and the yield of benzylamine have been studied. The speed of stirring >15rps has no effect on the initial rate of reaction. Effect of various solvents (2-propanol, methanol and dimethylformamide) on the hydrogenation of benzonitrile has been investigated. The reaction was found to be first order with respect to the hydrogen partial pressure and benzonitrile concentration. The activation energy for the catalytic hydrogenation of benzonitrile was found to be 60.27kJmol−1.