Women Infected With Hiv Type 1 Brazilian Variant, Subtype B (B '-Gwgr Motif) Have Slower Progression To Aids, Compared With Patients Infected With Subtype B (B-Gpgr Motif)

Introduction. The Brazilian variant of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) subtype B ( serotype B'-GWGR) has a tryptophan replacing a proline in position 328 of the HIV-1 envelope, a feature that may induce a different HIV disease progression. We aimed to evaluate the role of the B subtypes of HIV-1 (serotypes B-GPGR and B'-GWGR) on HIV disease progression.Methods. A total of 137 HIV-infected individuals who had been admitted to the hospital were tested with an anti-V3 serologic assay, using peptides representing 2 HIV-1 subtype B strains, MN and SF2, and 2 Brazilian variant B'-GWGR strains, BR1 and BR2.Results. Of 137 serum samples tested with the anti-V3 serologic assay, 4 (3%) yielded indeterminate results, 74 (54%; from 25 women and 49 men) were found to be B-GPGR, and 59 (43%; from 20 women and 39 men) were found to be the B'-GWGR variant. In general, a longer interval from the first known positive HIV test result to an AIDS-defining event was observed in the B'-GWGR group than in the B-GPGR group (21 vs. 7 months). The CD4(+) T cell counts were higher in the B'-GWGR group (median CD4(+) T cell count, 65 vs. 31 cells/mm(3); P = .01), and women infected with the B'-GWGR variant were less likely to die than were men infected with the same variant (P = .01). The median viral load in the B'-GWGR group was 3.395 copies/mL, compared with 39.350 copies/mL in the B-GPGR group (P = .01).Conclusions. Taken together, our results indicate that B'-GWGR-infected women may have more-favorable outcomes than B-GPGR-infected subjects.