Binding properties of antagonists to cannabinoid receptors in intact cells.

The implication of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB(1) receptor) in several pathophysiological states has sparked the development of selective antagonists. Here we compare binding of the antagonists [(3) H]-AZ12491187, [(3) H]-taranabant and [(3) H]-rimonabant to intact human embryonic kidney cells stably expressing recombinant human CB(1) receptors (CB1r cells). Unlabelled ligands decreased the total binding of the three radioligands with closely the same order of potency: i.e. AZ12288553∼AZ12491187∼taranabant>rimonabant. Nondisplaceable (i.e. nonspecific) binding to the CB1r cells was the same as total binding to the wells containing untransfected cells and it was more pronounced for [(3) H]-AZ12491187 and [(3) H]-rimonabant than for [(3) H]-taranabant. [(3) H]-Rimonabant and (to a lesser extent) [(3) H]-AZ12491187 were also prone to bind nonspecifically to the walls of the wells. Compared to the other radioligands, [(3) H]-rimonabant displayed lower potency for the CB(1) receptors in saturation binding studies and faster association and dissociation in kinetic experiments. When dissociated, the three radioligands also showed prominent rebinding to the cells in medium only. This could be relieved by the presence of excess of unlabelled ligand and of bovine serum albumin (BSA) but a combination thereof was most efficient. The long 'residence time' of AZ12491187 at the CB(1) receptor (because of slow dissociation and prominent rebinding) and its pronounced incorporation into the membranes of the cells could contribute to long-lasting in vivo CB(1) receptor blockade.