The APEX-SZ Instrument
msra(2010)
摘要
The APEX-SZ instrument is a millimeter-wave cryogenic receiver designed to
observe galaxy clusters via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect from the 12 m APEX
telescope on the Atacama plateau in Chile. The receiver contains a focal plane
of 280 superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers instrumented
with a frequency-domain multiplexed readout system. The bolometers are cooled
to 280 mK via a three-stage helium sorption refrigerator and a mechanical
pulse-tube cooler. Three warm mirrors, two 4 K lenses, and a horn array couple
the TES bolometers to the telescope. APEX-SZ observes in a single frequency
band at 150 GHz with 1' angular resolution and a 22' field-of-view, all well
suited for cluster mapping. The APEX-SZ receiver has played a key role in the
introduction of several new technologies including TES bolometers, the
frequency-domain multiplexed readout, and the use of a pulse-tube cooler with
bolometers. As a result of these new technologies, the instrument has a higher
instantaneous sensitivity and covers a larger field-of-view than earlier
generations of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich instruments. Since its commissioning in April
2007, APEX-SZ has been used to map tens of clusters. We describe the design of
the receiver and its performance when installed on the APEX telescope.
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关键词
cosmology:cosmic microwave background,millimeter-wave techniques,galaxy clusters,bolometric detectors,frequency domain,millimeter wave,field of view
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