Large monochromator systems at PETRA III

For the beamlines of the new synchrotron radiation source PETRA III, fixed exit double crystal monochromators with specific features were developed. To achieve a compact arrangement of the canted undulator beamlines at Sectors 2 and 6, it is necessary to shift one of the two beamlines in vertical direction. This is done by Large Offset Monochromators (LOM). One of these monochromators (LOM500, installed at beamline P03) is cooled with liquid nitrogen as it accepts the white beam. LOM1250 (installed at beamline P08) accepts a monochromatic beam and therefore needs no cooling system. The challenge with this monochromator is its large beam offset by 1.25m. The energy range in combination with this large vertical beam offset demands for a relative crystal movement of roughly 3m along the beam direction. This is solved by translating each crystal by up to 1.5m. LOM1250 is equipped with a laser-based stabilisation, which allows compensating the thermal drift of the mechanical components involved in the positioning of the crystals. This is done by piezo actors below the crystals using the laser beam position after passing each crystal as feedback. With this approach we provide a closed loop system without attenuation of the X-ray beam by position monitors. The third monochromator at beamline P06 shifts the beam only by 21mm upwards but has a linear travel of one crystal by 3.9m. This is due to its large energy range of 4.4–90keV using multilayer crystals.