The magnetized steel and scintillator calorimeters of the MINOS experiment

D.G. Michael,P. Adamson,T. Alexopoulos,W.W.M. Allison,G.J. Alner,K. Anderson,C. Andreopoulos, M. Andrews,R. Andrews,C. Arroyo,S. Avvakumov,D.S. Ayres,B. Baller,B. Barish,M.A. Barker,P.D. Barnes, G. Barr,W.L. Barrett,E. Beall,K. Bechtol,B.R. Becker,A. Belias,T. Bergfeld,R.H. Bernstein,D. Bhattacharya,M. Bishai,A. Blake,V. Bocean,B. Bock,G.J. Bock,J. Boehm,D.J. Boehnlein,D. Bogert,P.M. Border,C. Bower,S. Boyd,E. Buckley-Geer,A. Byon-Wagner,A. Cabrera,J.D. Chapman,T.R. Chase,S.K. Chernichenko,S. Childress,B.C. Choudhary,J.H. Cobb,S.J. Coleman,J.D. Cossairt,H. Courant,D.A. Crane,A.J. Culling,D. Damiani,J.W. Dawson,J.K. de Jong,D.M. DeMuth,A. De Santo,M. Dierckxsens,M.V. Diwan,M. Dorman,G. Drake,R. Ducar,T. Durkin,A.R. Erwin,C.O. Escobar,J.J. Evans,O.D. Fackler,E. Falk Harris,G.J. Feldman,N. Felt,T.H. Fields,R. Ford,M.V. Frohne,H.R. Gallagher,M. Gebhard,A. Godley,J. Gogos,M.C. Goodman,Yu. Gornushkin,P. Gouffon,E.W. Grashorn,N. Grossman, J.J. Grudzinski,K. Grzelak,V. Guarino,A. Habig,R. Halsall,J. Hanson,D. Harris,P.G. Harris,J. Hartnell,E.P. Hartouni,R. Hatcher,K. Heller,N. Hill,Y. Ho,C. Howcroft,J. Hylen, M. Ignatenko,D. Indurthy,G.M. Irwin,C. James,L. Jenner,D. Jensen,T. Joffe-Minor,T. Kafka,H.J. Kang,S.M.S. Kasahara,J. Kilmer,H. Kim,M.S. Kim,G. Koizumi,S. Kopp,M. Kordosky,D.J. Koskinen,M. Kostin,S.K. Kotelnikov,D.A. Krakauer,S. Kumaratunga,A.S. Ladran,K. Lang,C. Laughton, A. Lebedev,R. Lee,W.Y. Lee,M.A. Libkind, J. Liu,P.J. Litchfield,R.P. Litchfield,N.P. Longley,P. Lucas,W. Luebke,S. Madani,E. Maher,V. Makeev,W.A. Mann,A. Marchionni,A.D. Marino,M.L. Marshak,J.S. Marshall,J. McDonald,A.M. McGowan,J.R. Meier,G.I. Merzon,M.D. Messier,R.H. Milburn,J.L. Miller,W.H. Miller,S.R. Mishra,P.S. Miyagawa,C.D. Moore,J. Morfín,R. Morse,L. Mualem,S. Mufson,S. Murgia,M.J. Murtagh,J. Musser,D. Naples, C. Nelson,J.K. Nelson, H.B. Newman,F. Nezrick,R.J. Nichol,T.C. Nicholls,J.P. Ochoa-Ricoux,J. Oliver,W.P. Oliver,V.A. Onuchin,T. Osiecki, R. Ospanov,J. Paley,V. Paolone,A. Para,T. Patzak,Ž. Pavlović,G.F. Pearce,N. Pearson,C.W. Peck,C. Perry,E.A. Peterson,D.A. Petyt,H. Ping,R. Piteira,A. Pla-Dalmau,R.K. Plunkett,L.E. Price,M. Proga,D.R. Pushka,D. Rahman,R.A. Rameika,T.M. Raufer, A.L. Read,B. Rebel, D.E. Reyna,C. Rosenfeld,H.A. Rubin,K. Ruddick,V.A. Ryabov,R. Saakyan,M.C. Sanchez,N. Saoulidou, J. Schneps,P.V. Schoessow,P. Schreiner,R. Schwienhorst,V.K. Semenov,S.-M. Seun,P. Shanahan,P.D. Shield,R. Shivane,W. Smart,V. Smirnitsky,C. Smith,P.N. Smith,A. Sousa,B. Speakman,P. Stamoulis,A. Stefanik,P. Sullivan,J.M. Swan,P.A. Symes,N. Tagg,R.L. Talaga,A. Terekhov,E. Tetteh-Lartey,J. Thomas,J. Thompson,M.A. Thomson,J.L. Thron,R. Trendler,J. Trevor,I. Trostin,V.A. Tsarev, G. Tzanakos,J. Urheim,P. Vahle,M. Vakili,K. Vaziri,C. Velissaris,V. Verebryusov,B. Viren,L. Wai,C.P. Ward,D.R. Ward,M. Watabe,A. Weber,R.C. Webb,A. Wehmann,N. West, C. White,R.F. White,S.G. Wojcicki,D.M. Wright,Q.K. Wu,W.G. Yan,T. Yang,F.X. Yumiceva,J.C. Yun,H. Zheng,M. Zois,R. Zwaska

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment（2008）

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摘要

The Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search (MINOS) experiment uses an accelerator-produced neutrino beam to perform precision measurements of the neutrino oscillation parameters in the “atmospheric neutrino” sector associated with muon neutrino disappearance. This long-baseline experiment measures neutrino interactions in Fermilab's NuMI neutrino beam with a near detector at Fermilab and again 735km downstream with a far detector in the Soudan Underground Laboratory in northern Minnesota. The two detectors are magnetized steel-scintillator tracking calorimeters. They are designed to be as similar as possible in order to ensure that differences in detector response have minimal impact on the comparisons of event rates, energy spectra and topologies that are essential to MINOS measurements of oscillation parameters. The design, construction, calibration and performance of the far and near detectors are described in this paper.

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关键词

Detectors: neutrino,Detectors: scintillator,Calorimeters: tracking,Extruded plastic scintillator

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