Pediatric anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction that causes an uncertain number of deaths in children each year. The reaction usually results from abrupt IgE-mediated release of chemical mediators, such as histamine, from mast cells and basophils. The most commonly involved agents are drugs, stinging insect venoms, and foods. The importance of recognizing risks, planning preventive management, and understanding acute treatment cannot be overemphasized. This report reviews these principles, pathophysiology, and treatment recommendations.