Digital viewer for learning regional anaesthesia

Background. Performing peripheral nerve block is a key element in the curriculum of medical students, in particular, anesthesiologists. Regions considered optimal for performing peripheral nerve blocking have been well documented. However, students and professors show difficulties in both learning and teaching the way to identify and perform regional anesthesia in those regions from ultrasound images. Purpose. This study aims to develop a virtual environment for the simulation of ultrasound exploration of the neck nerves and both the upper and lower limbs for regional anesthesia teaching and learning. Method. Cross-sectional images were obtained from Magnetic Resonance Imaging for puncture regions involved in ultrasound-guided nerve block. Results. A three-dimensional digital viewer was developed which allowed the identification of key structures involved in peripheral nerve block in neck, upper and lower limbs. Additionally, a complete list of neuromuscular systems of the arms and legs, involving nerves and muscles, are also displayed for their study. Conclusions. Implications for learning and teaching the ultrasound exploration for regional anesthesia procedures and acquisition of anatomical knowledge are discussed.