Reliable intersection protocols using vehicular networks

Autonomous driving will play an important role in the future of transportation. Various autonomous vehicles have been demonstrated at the DARPA Urban Challenge [3]. General Motors has recently unveiled their Electrical-Networked Vehicles (EN-V) in Shanghai, China [5]. One of the main challenges of autonomous driving in urban areas is transition through cross-roads and intersections. In addition to safety concerns, current intersection management technologies such as stop signs and traffic lights can introduce significant traffic delays even under light traffic conditions. Our goal is to design and develop efficient and reliable intersection protocols to avoid vehicle collisions at intersections and increase the traffic throughput. The focus of this paper is investigating vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications as a part of co-operative driving in the context of autonomous vehicles. We study how our proposed V2V intersection protocols can be beneficial for autonomous driving, and show significant improvements in throughput. We also prove that our protocols avoid deadlock situations inside the intersection area. The simulation results show that our new proposed V2V intersection protocols provide both safe passage through the intersection and significantly decrease the delay at the intersection and our latest V2V intersection protocol yields over 85 % overall performance improvement over the common traffic light models.