Full mission astronaut radiation exposure assessments for long duration lunar surface missions
AERO '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE Aerospace Conference(2011)
Abstract
Risk to astronauts due to ionizing radiation exposure is a primary concern for missions beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and will drive mission architecture requirements, mission timelines, and operational practices. For short missions, radiation risk is dominated by the possibility of a large Solar Particle Event (SPE). Longer duration missions have both SPE and Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) risks. SPE exposure can contribute significantly toward cancer induction in combination with GCR. As mission duration increases, mitigation strategies must address the combined risks from SPE and GCR exposure. In this paper, full mission exposure assessments were performed for the proposed long duration lunar surface mission scenarios. In order to accomplish these assessments, previously developed radiation shielding models for a proposed lunar habitat and rover were utilized. End-to-End mission exposure assessments were performed by first calculating exposure rates for locations in the habitat, rover, and during Extra-Vehicular Activities (EVA). Subsequently, total mission exposures were evaluated for the proposed timelines. Mission exposure results, assessed in terms of effective dose, are presented for the proposed timelines and recommendations are made for improved astronaut shielding and safer operational practices.
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Key words
full mission exposure assessment,biological effects of ionising radiation,short mission,lunar surface mission,mission timelines,longer duration mission,surface mission scenario,aerospace biophysics,full mission astronaut radiation,mission exposure result,mission architecture requirement,solar particle event,full mission astronaut ionization radiation exposure assessment,mission duration increase,end-to-end mission exposure assessment,dosimetry,cancer,proposed timelines,extra-vehicular activities,gcr,galactic cosmic ray,long duration lunar surface,galactic cosmic rays,materials,ionizing radiation,solar flares,mathematical models,risk,moon,extravehicular activity,space missions,protons,ions,exposure,neutrons
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