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Springer discovered with monoclonal antibodies, then cloned and functionally and structurally characterized, many of the adhesion receptors in the immune system. He was the first to demonstrate that lymphocytes and leukocytes had adhesion molecules. His work on these receptors has advanced to characterizing their interactions and allosteric transitions by x-ray crystallography, electron microscopy, and laser tweezers force spectroscopy.
He discovered the lymphocyte function-associated (LFA) molecules, the intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs), and the first subfamily of integrins. He discovered that LFA-1 bound to ICAM-1, that LFA-2 (CD2) bound to LFA-3, and that blocking either of these adhesion pathways could block antigen recognition by T lymphocytes. These two pathways were the first examples of like-unlike cell adhesive recognition in biology. These discoveries directly led to the development and FDA approval of efalizumab (Raptiva, Genentech) - an antibody to LFA-1, and Alefacept (Amevive, Biogen) - the LFA-3 ectodomain fused to Fc, both for plaque psoriasis.
He discovered the lymphocyte function-associated (LFA) molecules, the intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs), and the first subfamily of integrins. He discovered that LFA-1 bound to ICAM-1, that LFA-2 (CD2) bound to LFA-3, and that blocking either of these adhesion pathways could block antigen recognition by T lymphocytes. These two pathways were the first examples of like-unlike cell adhesive recognition in biology. These discoveries directly led to the development and FDA approval of efalizumab (Raptiva, Genentech) - an antibody to LFA-1, and Alefacept (Amevive, Biogen) - the LFA-3 ectodomain fused to Fc, both for plaque psoriasis.
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Yuxin Hao,Jiabin Yan, Courtney Fraser,Aiping Jiang, Murali Anuganti, Roushu Zhang,Kenneth Lloyd, Joseph Jardine,Jessica Coppola,Rob Meijers,Jing Li,Timothy A Springer
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology (2024)
Sergei P Boudko, Elizabeth H Konopka, Woojin Kim,Yuki Taga,Kazunori Mizuno,Timothy A Springer,Billy G Hudson,Terence I Moy,Fu-Yang Lin
The Journal of biological chemistrypp.104901, (2023)
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Americano. 24 (2023)
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Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2023)
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