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My main research interests aim to gain knowledge of the molecular properties of allergenic proteins and their mechanism of action, particularly:
- Identification of allergens by proteomic techniques.
- Evaluation of the effect of the food matrix and technological processing on the gastrointestinal stability and allergenicity of food proteins. Assessment of their ability to sensitize and elicit anaphylactic responses by in vitro, ex vivo and in vitro assays (using immunochemical and molecular techniques, cell cultures and model animals).
- Development of peptide-based strategies for prevention and treatment of food allergy and elucidation of the mechanism of action.
The prevalence of food allergy is rapidly increasing in the western world, but its management is still limited to strict dietary avoidance, because allergen-specific immunotherapy requires long treatments and it is often accompanied by severe side effects. Results from our group have shown that, in mice, and in contrast to the use of whole allergens, peptide immunotherapy produces fewer adverse reactions, and it can be more effective in the promotion of long-term desensitization. We have also elucidated the mechanism through which peptide-based immunotherapy stimulates oral tolerance: Food peptides may work, analogously to microbial driven signals, via germline-encoded sensors that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes, to promote mucosal tolerance at different levels. Thus, food-derived peptides are able to promote tolerogenic features on cells of the innate and adaptive immune system, with vitamin A metabolism, particularly biosynthesis of retinoic acid, being central to their effects. Mediators produced during the allergic status contribute to the regulatory action of peptides to re-establish homeostasis. The therapeutic advantages of peptide immunotherapy are currently being tested in a human trial with promising results.
I have contributed to a number of national and international conferences and have taken part, as referee, in different national and international peer-review processes. I have participated in more than 30 different Spanish and European research projects and I have coordinated an EU project. I am co-author of five patents, two of which have been licensed for commercial exploitation, and of an ISO/DIS/IDF official method of analysis.
I have supervised 13 doctoral theses and all of my PhD students are now involved in science, as CSIC research scientists (2), university lecturers (2), scientist in national or international private companies (2), hospitals (1) and international research centers (3), or as postdoctoral researchers.
I have also taken part of a number of science diffusion activities, such talks in secondary schools and dissemination conferences at different events and in places traditionally far from the centres of scientific production. I have contributed as an author to a scientific book for the general public and as an editor to another one.
In 2008, I was CSIC Scientific coordinator of the CSIC Food Science and Technology Area and, from February 2009 to February 2012, Deputy Vicepresident for Institutional Relations. Since September 2019 to July 2022, I have been Vicepresident for Organization and Institutional Affairs of the CSIC.
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Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) (2024): 175-190
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2023)
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Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunologyno. 2 (2023): AB176-AB176
Food Research International (2023): 112669-112669
Frontiers in Immunology (2023): 1294292-1294292
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