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Given the problems of maintaining safely breathable air in cities, and the threat of global warming due to “greenhouse gas” emissions, increasingly strict regulations on engine emissions are to be expected. The diesel engine, though the most efficient engine ever to be widely used in transport, is a substantial contributor to ambient concentrations of particulates and oxides of nitrogen; it may not survive unless new technology is introduced. A promising way to make this engine more environmentally acceptable is to switch to natural gas fueling. To make use of natural gas with highest efficiency and acceptable emissions requires new understanding. Key research issues are: (1) how to enhance auto-ignition of the natural gas (which has high auto-ignition temperature), (2) how to inhibit formation of the oxides of nitrogen during the combustion process, (3) how to estimate kinetically limited and turbulence-limited combustion rates, (4) how to optimize the coupling between fluid motion and combustion.
Techniques that are available to us in this research include flow visualization (in an optical chamber in which we can see gas the jet injection), flame visualization (in an engine in which we can watch flame initiation and development), measurement combustion pressure rise and emissions (in single- and multi-cylinder engines), and numerical simulation of the entire injection-mixing-combustion-pollutant formation process. With the benefit of experimental information the numerical simulation is able to represent the main features of the process and should in time become capable of prediction for design and control optimization.
As this knowledge unfolds we are busy designing new high pressure gas injector prototypes to meet the stringent requirements of high efficiency and low emissions. Another high priority design task is focused on the need for an efficient variable-duty gas compression system. With our own facilities we are able closely to integrate research, design, and testing of laboratory prototypes for gas compression and injection in engine operation.
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Grant Mackenzie,Philip Hill, David Jeffries,Ilias Hossain,Malick Ndiaye,Henry Badji,Usman Ikumapayi,Rasheed Salaudeen,Sheikh Jarju, Martin Antonio,Lamin Ceesay,Dawda Sowe,
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Malick Ndiaye,Yekini Olatunji,Bilquees S. Muhammad,Jayani C. Pathirana,Augustin E. Fombah,Baderinwa Abatan, Ebrim Ahamefula, Muhammad I. Hossain,Shah Sahito,Rasheed Salaudeen, Usman N. Ikumapay,Ahmed Manjang,
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGYno. SUPnan (2014): 179-179
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Tamasailau Suaalii-Sauni, Fulisia Aiavao, Eseta Faafeu-Hope,Tai Sopoaga,Charlotte Paul,Antoinette Righarts,Judith McCool,Tofilau Nina Kirifi-Alai,Philip Hill, Fonoti Lafitai I Fuatai
P Ouellette,Pg Hill
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