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Oswald Steward, Ph.D., is known for his research on how nerve cells create and maintain their connections with each other, and how these synapses are modified after injury. He has also conducted research on how genes influence nerve cell regeneration, growth and function and how physiological activity affects nerve cell connections.
Dr. Steward is currently the chair and director of the Reeve-Irvine Research Center for Spinal Cord Injury at the University of California, Irvine (UCI) and also professor of anatomy and neurobiology. He serves on the board of the Christopher Reeve Paralysis Foundation and also serves as the chair of its Science Advisory Council. Dr. Steward was also the chair of a National Institutes of Healthy (NIH) neurobiology review group and served on the NIH’s Spinal Cord Injury Planning Committee. Prior to joining the faculty at UC Irvine, he was Professor of Neuroscience and Neurosurgery at the University of Virigina, where he served as Chair of the Department of Neuroscience.
Steward is a recipient of the NIH Research Career Development Award, the Jacob Javitz Neuroscience Investigator Award and the Distinguished Investigator Award from the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression. He earned a doctorate degree in psychobiology from the University of California, Irvine and a bachelor’s degree in psychology from the University of Colorado, Boulder.
Almost 25 years ago, Steward discovered that polyribosomes were selectively localized just beneath postsynaptic membrane specializations on the dendrites of CNS neurons. Polyribosomes are collections of ribosomes that are actively engaged in synthesizing protein. They are the basic machinery of protein synthesis. Their localization at synapses immediately suggested what was then a novel idea about how neurons might manage the difficult task of synthesizing gene products for the thousands of individual synaptic sites that are present on a typical CNS neuron. Specifically, the localization of polyribosomes at synapses implied that certain key proteins that were important for the function of that individual synapse might be synthesized on site, and that this local synthesis might be controlled by signaling events at the individual synapse.
Steward’s current research assesses how particular mRNAs are targeted to individual synaptic sites on neuronal dendrites. We have shown that certain newly synthesized mRNAs are selectively targeted to synapses that had recently experienced a period of intense activity. The studies involve selective activation of a set of synapses that terminate in particular locations on the dendrites of neurons in the hippocampus. Strong activation of these synapses induces the expression of several immediate early genes, including one that encodes a protein known as Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc). In situ hybridization analyses revealed that newly synthesized Arc mRNA is selectively targeted to the postsynaptic domain of the synapses that had been activated. Our recent experiments have demonstrated that the signal for docking is triggered by NMDA receptor activation. We are now using a combination of molecular biological and neurophysiological techniques to further define the signal transduction events that cause newly synthesized mRNA to dock selectively at activated synapses.
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Papers共 233 篇Author StatisticsCo-AuthorSimilar Experts
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Xueling Lin, Xiuping Wang,Yuejin Zhang,Guangpin Chu, Jingwen Liang,Bin Zhang,Yisheng Lu,Oswald Steward,Juan Luo
Experimental neurology (2023): 114549-114549
Kevin K. Ng,Kyle H. Cole, Lila P. Halbers, Christelle E.T. Chan, Erin B. Fuller, Chelsea Callicoatte,Mariajose Metcalfe,Claire C. Chen, Ahfnan A. Barhoosh, Edison Reid-McLaughlin,Alexandra D. Kent,Oswald Steward,
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2023)
Neurobiology of disease (2023): 106190-106190
medrxiv(2023)
Experimental neurology (2021): 113965-113965
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