Dr. Khwaja’s research interests focused on post-transplant immunosuppression and transplant outcomes. He was actively involved in early pioneering studies of steroid-free immunosuppression after kidney transplantation and served as an investigator in multiple funded trials of post-transplant immunosuppression and therapies. He formulated and implemented steroid-free immunosuppression protocols after kidney and pancreas transplantation at BIDMC, the first center in New England to adopt this practice. Currently, 30-50% of programs across the country have adopted similar protocols.