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个人简介
► Specialization:
1- Genetics,
2- Biotechnology (Tissue Culture, Gene Transfer, and Molecular Genetics).
-Tissue Culture:
- Morphogenesis and Somatic Embryo genesis:
Plant regeneration was accomplished from several explants (e.g. embryos, leaves and stems), species and varieties of ornamental (sea lavender), medicinal plants (jojoba), woody plants (walnut), cereals, tomato, tobacco and legumes (Faba beans, mung beans). Cytological, protein, isozyme, RFLP, and PCR-based RAPD analyses were used to examine the true to type nature of the regenerates and somaclonal variation as well as their cellular origin. The effect of the genetic background on in vitro response was established.
Date palm tissue culture and plant regeneration have been examined and acheived. Morphogenesis, somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis pathways were utilized. Somatic Embryogenesis (direct and indirect) was achieved in 4-6 weeks and plant regeneration there from in 8-10 weeks. This constitutes a major advance in date palm tissue culture as it helps reduce the possibilities of somaclonal variation in the regenerants.
- Anther culture and Embryo Rescue:
Tomato anthers of male-sterile mutants and zygotic embryos of site-specific hybrids between sexually incompatible species were induced to regenerate plants at high frequencies. Morphological, cytogenetic and isozyme analyses confirmed the nature and tissue origin of the regenerates in each case. The factors influencing the genetic defect were determined.
- Gene Transfer:
- Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer: This was achieved in Arabidopsis, clover, faba beans, mung beans, rice, sugar beet, and tomato using A. tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes. Biological, biochemical and molecular assays proved the transfer of the T-DNA fragment carrying the novel gene into the recipient cells.
- Microinjection: Potato and tobacco protoplasts and cells were injected with plasmid DNA carrying a chimeric gene. Cell and protoplast isolation and culture protocols were established to meet the specific requirements of microinjection technique. The injection apparatus was devised and modified by the investigator. The injected cell-derived callus was screened for the integration of the novel gene at the cellular, biochemical and molecular levels.
-Molecular Genetics:
- Gene cloning:
The techniques for gene isolation, characterization, and cloning as well as construction of gene expression and transformation vectors have been employed to achieve this objective. The fungal gene encoding the oxalate oxidase enzyme which confers fungal resistance in plants was cloned into a plant vector which was transformed into clover via A. tumefaciens.
At the Horticultural Sciences Dept., Univ. of Florida, USA, RT-PCR and cDNA cloning were used to isolate and characterize the gene(s) coding for the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of osmoprotectant Beta-alanine betaine which is implicated in plant tolerance to salinity and drought stress. The gene source is the ornamental plant Sea lavender.
At NIH (USA), a consensus sequence of Hyper variable region 1 (HVR1) of hepatitis C virus, genetically fused to C-terminal of the B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB), was cloned and expressed in E. coli to examine the large scale production of cross-neutralizing antibodies against variants of the virus.
- DNA fingerprinting:
DNA fingerprinting of several date palm, jojoba, rice, wheat, mung beans varieties were established using these methods. Regenerated jojoba, faba bean, mung beans, and wheat plants have been examined for somaclonal variation. Attempts to identify DNA sequences related to regeneration and stresses are examined.
Recently, the objectives are to:
1- Establish a catalogue based on DNA fingerprints of the UAE-grown date palm varieties. This will be helpful in protecting against off-type introductions into UAE or other countries.
2- Bioinformatics and Gene Discovery of genes involved in synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds of economic importance.
- Molecular markers:
1- Sex identification: Molecular markers (SCAR, RAPD, and others) were established to distinguish juvenile and tissue culture-derived date palm offshoots as well as jojoba plants.
2- Salinity tolerance: Molecular markers (RAPD) were established and proved to screen date palm trees irrigated with water of high salinity levels in sandy soils. Certain salinity tolerant date palm cultivars were characterized by unique DNA fragments not present in the salinity sensitive cultivars.
3- Genome Sequencing: DNA of Date palm variety Naghal and others will be sequenced in collaboration with USA scientists. National Research Foundation (NRF Proposal RSA-1108-00479/ UAE Univ., AED 995,000, (2010, three years).
4- Nematode Resistance Genes: Examining the molecular mechanisms underlying plant nematode interactions and how plants respond to different invading pathogens.
研究兴趣
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