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In April 1985, FDA approved the first vaccine to prevent the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children, Hemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). This pathogen was responsible for 12,000 cases of meningitis among American children each year, of whom 600 died. Many survivors suffered blood infections and long-term neurological damage. FDA licensed a new vaccine, Hib conjugate (Diphtheria toxoid-conjugate), in December 1987, for use in young children. This vaccine induced antibodies against the Hemophilus pathogen more effectively than the previously licensed Hib polysaccharide vaccine. OBRR scientists had designed the conjugate technology for Hemophilus polysaccharide. The new vaccine was recommended for children 18 months to 5 years of age. A second Hib conjugate vaccine (Diphtheria CRM [197] Protein Conjugate) was licensed in 1988, and a third conjugate vaccine received a license the following year. Robbins and Schneerson developed the polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine for Hib.
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Archives of biochemistry and biophysics (2018): 24-31
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