Ivan E. Frolov

Ivan Ye. Frolov received the B.S. degree from the Leningrad Hydrometeorological Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia, in 1971. Since 1992, he has been the Director of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia, where he was an Engineer with the Department of Ice Regime. He has 41 years of experience in the field of research and coordination of Russian national and international activities in the Arctic and Antarctic Regions in the position of Scientist, Head of laboratory. He is a Doctor of geographical sciences and, in 2005, was awarded the title Professor of oceanography with the Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Saint Petersburg. His research activities are mainly in the areas of sea ice, oceanology, and climate research. He directly participated in more than 30 Arctic and Antarctic expeditions, and in 20 of them, he was the Scientific or Operations Leader. Among these were a research expedition on board nuclear icebreaker (IB) “Sibir,” which, in May 1987, reached the North Pole, and an Arctic voyage research vessel “Akademik Fedorov” when the North Pole was reached for the first time by a non-IB ship. He was the Operation Leader for launching ice drifting research stations “North Pole 33 and 34.” He was a Coordinator and Scientific Advisor of two subprograms for polar regions of national research program “World Ocean.” Prof. Frolov was a Member of the Russian National Committee on International Polar Year 2007–2008 and National Oceanographic Committee. He has been the Cochair of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Digital Sea Ice Data Bank since 1989, was the Chairman of the former WMO Commission for Marine Meteorology Subgroup on Sea Ice in 1989–2001, has been a Member of the Joint Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology Management Committee since 2001, and is the Cochair of the Committee in the Framework of Agreement on Science and Technology Cooperation in Arctic and North Research between the Ministry of Science and Technologies of the Russian Federation and the Research Council of Norway. He was a recipient of high governmental and ministerial honors: Order of Labour Red Banner (1987), “Honorary Polar Explorer,” “Honorary Worker of Marine Fleet,” “Honorary Worker of Hydrometeorology Service of Russia,” Russian Government prizeman in the field of science and techniques (2002), Order of Honor of Russia (2005), and “Honored Scientist of Russia” (2009).