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Fascinated by the diversity of plants and interactions in complex ecosystems, I entered the field of systematic botany and mycology in the early stages of my studies. The integrative approach to the phylogenetics of basidiomycetes and smut fungi was very promising from the beginning. Because morphological data from sori, teliospores, and basidia were not in congruence with ultrastructural data of septal pores and cellular interaction types, we introduced ribosomal gene sequences as another independent character, which proved to be more reliable. Consequently, a new system of smut fungi was developed under my decisive participation. The outcomes of our molecular phylogenetic analyses of smut fungi could be summarized as follows:
a) There are many conflicts between the molecular and morphological based systematics of smuts. Thus, the interpretation of many morphological and functional traits has to be revised. Now, we are analysing functional traits and the host pathogen interaction much more detailed to get a better understanding of the evolutionary innovations in different smut lineages.
b) The smut fungi are paraphyletic; the striking similarity of their life cycles has therefore evolved at least twice independently. Accordingly, interpretations of how plant parasitism has evolved in the basidiomycetes have to be seen in a completely new light. Now, we are comparing two fungal groups with a similar ecology and different phylogeny. This should help us to get a better understanding of the interaction and the role in evolution.
c) The new system based on monophyletic taxa exhibits many more host correlations than have been observed and discussed so far. Therefore, detailed studies on coevolution are necessary in order to understand the joint evolution of smuts and hosts. Now we are analysing the interaction in a very close relationship and try to combine phylogenetic methods with infection studies to support our hypotheses of cospeciation and host jumps.
a) There are many conflicts between the molecular and morphological based systematics of smuts. Thus, the interpretation of many morphological and functional traits has to be revised. Now, we are analysing functional traits and the host pathogen interaction much more detailed to get a better understanding of the evolutionary innovations in different smut lineages.
b) The smut fungi are paraphyletic; the striking similarity of their life cycles has therefore evolved at least twice independently. Accordingly, interpretations of how plant parasitism has evolved in the basidiomycetes have to be seen in a completely new light. Now, we are comparing two fungal groups with a similar ecology and different phylogeny. This should help us to get a better understanding of the interaction and the role in evolution.
c) The new system based on monophyletic taxa exhibits many more host correlations than have been observed and discussed so far. Therefore, detailed studies on coevolution are necessary in order to understand the joint evolution of smuts and hosts. Now we are analysing the interaction in a very close relationship and try to combine phylogenetic methods with infection studies to support our hypotheses of cospeciation and host jumps.
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Maximilian Schweinsberg, Lara Gemeinhardt,Dominik Begerow, Sebastian Klenner-Koch,Jonas Virgo,Ralph Tollrian,Linda C. Weiss
FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY (2024)
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2023)
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Simon Brückner, Fabian Müller,Laura Schadowski,Tyll Kalle, Sophia Weber,Emily C Marino,Blanka Kutscher,Anna-Maria Möller, Sabine Adler,Dominik Begerow,Wieland Steinchen,Gert Bange,
microLife (2023): uqad031-uqad031
FUNGAL ECOLOGY (2023)
Mycological Progressno. 4 (2023): 1-20
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