The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared that the global HIV epidemic can be ended as a public health threat in 2030. This ambitious goal is based on the discovery that patients that are virally suppressed due to antiretroviral drug treatment cannot transmit HIV to others, and that use of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with the antiretroviral drugs tenofovir/emtricitabine or cabotegravir strongly reduces the risk of HIV infection. The overall aim of my research is to use mathematical modelling to determine the impact of drug-based HIV prevention and the emergence of drug resistance and to determine how these drugs can be used for prevention of HIV in a cost-effective manner. My research benefits from international collaborations including Thailand, Brazil and collaborators across Europe.